Ignition Transformer

An Ignition Transformer is a high-voltage electrical device that generates an electrical arc (spark) across electrode gaps to ignite the fuel-air mixture during the burner startup sequence. It steps up standard supply voltage to between 5,000V and 14,000V (5-14 kV).

How It Works

The transformer steps up the standard supply voltage (e.g., 120V or 230V) to a high voltage, typically between 5,000V and 14,000V (5-14 kV). This high voltage jumps across a precisely set gap (typically 2-4mm spacing) between two ignition electrodes (or one electrode and ground), creating a hot spark sufficient to light the pilot gas or main fuel.

Types

1. Inductive (Iron Core)

• Traditional Design: Uses copper windings around an iron core.
• Characteristics: Heavy, robust, lower frequency output (mains frequency).
• Duty: Often rated for intermittent duty (e.g., 33% duty cycle, meaning 3 minutes on, 6 minutes off).

2. Electronic

• Modern Design: Uses solid-state electronics to generate high voltage.
• Characteristics: Lightweight, compact, high frequency.
• Duty: Can be designed for continuous operation (100% ED) but are more sensitive to high ambient temperatures.

Key Specifications

• Primary Voltage: Input voltage (e.g., 120V, 230V).
• Secondary Voltage: Output voltage (e.g., 1 x 8kV for single-pole, or 2 x 5kV for double-pole).
• Secondary Current: Typically 20-30 mA.
• Duty Cycle (ED%): Percentage of time it can safely operate within a given period (e.g., 33% ED in 3 minutes).